Have these details of pear tree bagging been done?

1. Preparations before bagging

a. Fruit thinning

Fruit thinning should be determined by yield, and the yield per mu of trees in the full fruit period is generally controlled at 2500-3000 kg. The yield of Yali can be about 18,000; Huangguan pear is about 15,000; Emerald pear is about 12,000; Golden pear is about 8,000; Round yellow pear is about 9,000. Generally, a drooping side fruit with a correct fruit shape is reserved every 20-25 cm, one fruit can be left at 20 cm for oblique branches in good light conditions, and one fruit is left at 25 cm for shaded branches and drooping branches. Fruit thinning can be carried out in two steps. First, the redundant fruits of all inflorescences are thinned out, and single fruits are left, and then small fruits, deformed fruits, fruits in poor position, and fruits with diseases and insects are thinned out according to the amount of remaining fruits.

b. Summer cut

For annual shoots with inappropriate orientation and no growth space, they should be removed from the base in time to reduce nutrient consumption and concentrate more nutrients on future fruit expansion and flower bud differentiation. At the same time, the ventilation and light transmission of the tree should be maintained, and the light transmission between the upper branches and leaves should not be less than 30%, and the light transmission under the tree should not be less than 15%.

c. Prevention and control of pests and diseases

Before bagging is critical period for pest control throughout the year, it must be thoroughly cleaned. Safe and efficient insecticides and fungicides should be sprayed 2-3 times after flowering and before bagging. For pests such as psyllids, mealworms, and mealybugs, spirotetramat, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, and pyrethroids can be used. For pear scab, black spot, bagging black spot, etc., both protective fungicides and therapeutic fungicides can be used. 80% Dasheng-M800 times liquid, 62.75% easy 1000 times the solution, 40% Fuxing 6000 times the solution, 12.5% ​​diconazole 2500 times the solution, etc.

d. Apply nutrition

Pear tree yellow leaves, pimple pears, cracked fruit, chicken feet disease, etc. are all physiological diseases caused by the lack of certain medium and trace elements, and before bagging is an important period for applying micro-fertilizers, which can be combined with targeted pest control measures. Spray micro-fertilizer. For iron-deficiency yellow leaves, use 1000 times of Jiamei sap to spray on the tree; to prevent chicken feet disease, cracked fruit, and chapped fruit, you can spray 1000 times of Jiamei Melatonin; to prevent pimple pears, you can spray 1,000 times each at the flowering period and before bagging Liquid Jiamei Melatonin.

2. Bagging

a. The choice of paper bags

(1) Bag size. It should be selected according to the transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter of the fruit. If the bag shape is too small, it may cause bursting before harvesting, or rainwater and liquid medicine will enter the bag under the condition that the tie is not strict, and it cannot be discharged in time, which will aggravate fruit rust or fruit surface pollution.

The generally applicable calculation method of bag width: fruit transverse diameter (mm) × 3.14159÷2+5.

(2) Layers and color of fruit bags. For colored varieties such as Xinli No. 7 and Hongxiangsu Pear, single-layer plastic film bags should be used, with a size of 90 mm × 208 mm. Xueqing pear is a new variety of white pear series. If green-skinned pear fruit is produced, it is necessary to use a single-layer small wax bag first, and then a QC series double-layer paper bag. The size of the single-layer small wax bag is 75 mm × 105 mm, white; the size of the double-layer paper bag is 160 mm × 198 mm, the outer layer is yellow wax paper and the inner layer is white paper; if the white pear fruit is produced, the three-layer paper bag can be directly selected. It is 170 mm x 195 mm, and the layered paper colors are: the outer layer is waxy light brown, the middle layer is black, and the inner layer is white. Qiuyue pear is a new variety of brown-skinned pear. The fruit is large and matures late. It is better to use a single-layer small wax bag first, and then use the 1-LP series of double-layer large paper bags.

The size of the small wax bag is the same as before, the size of the double-layer large paper bag is 175 mm × 218 mm, and the color of the layered paper is: the outer layer is black, and the inner layer is wax paper purple paper.

(3) Wet the mouth of the fruit bag. Add an appropriate amount of water to a clean basin, untie the bags and tie the rubber bands, and immerse the bundles of bags into the water about 3 cm deep, with the other hand in the water like turning a book, so that the mouth of each bag can be soaked with water . Take the bag out, shake off the excess moisture gently, tie the bag as it is, with the mouth of the bag facing up, and put it back into the carton. Place 3-5 wet old newspapers on the bag, seal the carton bundle, and place it in a cool place for 1-2 days before use.

b. Bagging period

The main purpose of bagging the pear tree is to prevent rust and make the fruit points on the pear smaller, so that it can beautify its appearance and can be sold at a good price in the market.

Therefore, the timing is very critical, because about 15 days after the flowers fall, the fruit points begin to grow on the fruit. Generally speaking, bagging is advisable when the fruiting point has not yet occurred or has rarely occurred. If the bagging time is too late, the fruit will become larger and the peel will become rougher.

It must be bagged within 15 to 30 days of falling flowers, and the sooner the better, so as to avoid the impact of external environmental factors on the fruit, and also make the appearance of the fruit more beautiful, and then it can be Sell ​​at a better price.

For bagging is 8-11 in the morning and 3-6 in the afternoon, and avoid operating under strong light and wind and rain.

3. Bagging method

(1) Support bag

Open the mouth and the inside of the bag and put it on the fruit from bottom to top along the bottom of the fruit.

(2) Narrowing

After bagging, shrink the mouth of the bag, the mouth of the bag is in the shape of a "cross", and shrink to the fruit stem.

(3) Tight mouth

Tighten the front, back and left pockets toward the fruit stem.

(4) Twisting

With the right hand, pull the wire (clamp) horizontally and wrap it horizontally around the mouth of the bag.

(5) winding solid

Wrap the iron wire (clamp) around the mouth of the bag obliquely upward, and wrap it firmly. The wire tie should avoid facing the fruit, and the bagging is completed.

4. Precautions for bagging

(1) Bagging time

For varieties that do not need to be covered with small wax bags, generally, they should be directly covered with double or triple large bags around 30 days after the flowers fall; for varieties that need to be covered with small bags, they should be covered in time at the young fruit stage (when the fruit is the size of peanut kernels). Small wax bags, before the small bags are filled with fruit (about 30 days), then put on a double-layered large bag.

(2) watering

Water the whole garden once before bagging to prevent sunburn. It is necessary to avoid bagging in the early sunny days after rain. After long-term rainfall, wait for the weather to stabilize and the temperature to rise before bagging, so as not to affect the quality of the fruit.

(3) Tie the mouth tightly

Puff up the fruit bag, center the fruit and not snug the sticker bag. To avoid covering the back fruit, the top fruit and the completely exposed fruit without leaves.

(4) Apply bird repellent

For varieties covered with single-layer plastic film bags, bird repellent must be applied in time. Use a toothbrush to apply bird repellent to 4 parts of each pear tree on smooth branches with space for 1-2 months.

5. Management after bagging

After bagging, it is usually in the middle and late May, when it is in the peak growth period of root system, the expansion period of young fruit, and the long period of new shoots. Fruit drop, premature aging. Fertilizers are mainly based on organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, boron and other nutrients. Apply 1 bag of Jiamei Bonus + 2-3 kg of Jiamei Hailibao or 1 bag of Jiamei Bonus + 4-5 kg ​​of Jiamei Yililai with water per mu Flush or drip irrigation, and spray 1000 times of liquid Jiamei Melatonin 3-4 times at the same time to promote the transformation and absorption of medium and micronutrients, Jiamei Bonus loosens the soil, activates nutrients, makes the tree easier to absorb, and promotes root growth and development, Jiamei Hailibao, Jiamei Yinglilai and Jiamei Melatonin supplement comprehensive and balanced nutrition, promote the transformation and absorption of nutrients, and the puffed fruit is colored and sweetened.

In addition, after bagging, it will enter the rainy season one after another. If you encounter weather conditions that do not rain for a long time, you must add water in time. Insufficient water will affect the expansion of young fruit. Soil moisture is generally not less than 60% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field. In order to protect leaves and fruits, attention should be paid to pest control after bagging. Spray 1-2 times with 3000 times of tebuconazole or 2000 times of difenoconazole + 5000 times of spirotetramat + 1000 times of Jiajindian Second-rate.